Can employees refuse to come to work because they are afraid of contracting COVID-19?

Generally speaking, no.  Guidance from the DOL relating to pandemic situations makes it clear that “leave taken by an employee for the purpose of avoiding exposure…would not be protected under the FMLA. To date, we have not seen any guidance from DOL addressing whether an employee with a health condition that places him or her at increased risk if he or she contracts COVID-19 would qualify for FMLA. This would be a very fact-specific situation and we recommend consulting counsel.

Employees can be subject to discipline for refusing to work except in very limited circumstances where they believe they are in imminent danger. This standard is promulgated under the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA Act”) and is not triggered by general concern or fear. Rather, this standard is applied when there is an immediate risk of death or serious injury. However, employees might argue this standard applies if employees were being asked to work with patients infected with COVID-19 without PPE.

last updated:
Apr 23

The material provided on this page is intended to be informational only and is not intended to be nor is it legal advice. EVOLVE Legal Solutions LLC (EVOLVE) disclaims any and all liability related to or arising from the information contained in this publication. This information is provided “as is” without any express or implied warranty. EVOLVE makes no guarantee that this material will meet your requirements or be of use to you for any specific purpose or application. To the extent this material references any laws or guidance, those references are federal only, and users should consult with their legal counsel regarding any additional and/or conflicting state laws.

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